How to prevent acne?

Development of acne:

  • Excess oil is produced by the skin, which clogs the pores.
  • dead skin cells are made, that have the same effect.
  • the presence of a bacteria in the pores.
  • inflammation of the skin, which leads to redness.

How to prevent Acne and pimples?

  1. Keep your face clean. Whether or not you have acne, it’s important to wash your face twice daily to remove impurities, dead skin cells, and extra oil from your skin’s surface. Washing more often than twice daily is not necessarily better; it may do more harm than good. Use warm, not hot, water and a mild facial cleanser. Using a harsh soap (like deodorant body soap) can hurt already inflamed skin and cause more irritation.

 

Avoid scrubbing your skin harshly with a washcloth, an exfoliating glove, or loofah (a coarse-textured sponge). Gently wash it with a very soft cloth or your hands. Always rinse well, and then dry your face with a clean towel. (Toss the towel in the laundry hamper, as dirty towels spread bacteria.) Also, use the washcloth only once.

 

  1. Moisturize. Many acne products contain ingredients that dry the skin, so always use a moisturizer that minimizes dryness and skin peeling. Look for “noncomedogenic” on the label, which means it should not cause acne. There are moisturizers made for oily, dry, or combination skin.

 

  1. Try an over-the-counter acne product. These acne products don’t need a prescription. Most of them have ingredients such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, or lactic acid, which curb bacteria and dry your skin. They may cause drying or peeling so start with a small amount at first. Then you can adjust how much you use and how often. Another option is a new OTC topical retinoid gel (Differin 0.1% gel). It works to actually keep the acne from forming. Use these products with caution if you have sensitive skin.

 

  1. Use makeup sparingly. During a breakout, avoid wearing foundation, powder, or blush. If you do wear makeup, wash it off at the end of the day. If possible, choose oil-free cosmetics without added dyes and chemicals. Choose makeup that is labeled as “noncomedogenic,” meaning it should not cause acne. Read the ingredients list on the product label before buying.

 

  1. Watch what you put on your hair. Avoid using fragrances, oils, pomades, or gels on your hair. If they get on your face, they can block your skin’s pores and irritate your skin. Use a gentle shampoo and conditioner. Oily hair can add to the oil on your face, so wash your hair often, especially if you’re breaking out. Got long hair? Keep it pulled away from your face.

 

  1. Keep your hands off your face. Avoid touching your face or propping your cheek or chin on your hands. Not only can you spread bacteria, you can also irritate the already inflamed facial skin. Never pick or pop pimples with your fingers, as it can lead to infection and scarring.

 

  1. Stay out of the sun. The sun’s ultraviolet rays can increase inflammation and redness, and can cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (dark discoloration). Some acne medications may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Limit your time in the sun, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., and wear protective clothing, such as a long-sleeved shirt, pants, and a broad-brimmed hat. Whether you have pimples or not, always apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with 6% zinc oxide or higher and SPF 30 or higher at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. Look for “noncomedogenic” on the sunscreen label to make new pimples less likely. Read the ingredients on the product label to know what you’re putting on your skin.

 

  1. Feed your skin. Most experts agree that certain foods, like chocolate, don’t cause pimples. Still, it makes sense to avoid greasy food and junk food and add more fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains to your diet. Dairy products and foods high in processed sugar may trigger acne. Avoid these.

 

  1. Exercise daily. Regular exercise is good for your whole body, including your skin. When you exercise, avoid wearing clothing or using exercise equipment that rubs your skin and may cause irritation. Shower or bathe right after exercise.

If none of these methods improve in 6 to 8 weeks, see your dermatologist for further advice.

 

 

 

 

Acne consultation

There are several types of acne that make being evaluated by a trained dermatologist the first important step before prescribing the right treatment for your acne type. There are other skin conditions that can look significantly like acne but do not respond to common acne medications. Your experienced dermatologist will carefully evaluate your skin before recommending any treatment.

Acne treatment

    Mild Acne – Special anti-inflammatory cleansers, anti-comedonal, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory creams with prescription only.

    Moderate acne – Oral antibiotics, hormonal treatments in combination with prescription creams

    Severe acne – Vitamin A  derivatives are very effective in eliminating severe acne. It can reduce the size of sebaceous glands, fat production, closure of skin cell pores and inflammation. In practice, lower doses are used because they provide excellent results with minimal side effects. Your safety when taking these pills is guaranteed under the close supervision of your dermatologist. A course of treatment usually lasts 10 to 12 months, depending on the severity. Most patients who take it achieve excellent acne cleansing and experience long-term improvement in acne symptoms.

Finally, if you have any remaining scars from previous acne, you should use available fractional laser to improve the appearance of your skin.

Laser for acne scars

Once active acne is controlled, you can begin a course of laser acne scar treatment to improve the appearance of the scars. We use premium lasers to effectively target acne scars including:

    Smart CO2 fractional laser – for the treatment of deeper scars that cause dimples and tissue irregularities on the skin.

    Picoway Laser – For the rapid disappearance of brown marks. It also treats mild to moderate scars

    Pulsed Color Laser (VBEAM) – Improves texture to quickly fade pink or red marks.

By using a variety of lasers to target various post-acne scar issues, we are always looking for the minimum breakdown time with maximum effects. More powerful laser treatments may take about a week to complete, and you will be notified in advance. A repeated course of treatment at intervals of 4-6 weeks is usually required to re-exfoliate the skin and improve the appearance of acne scars.

It is important to avoid tanning before or after laser treatment to minimize the risk of post-laser pigmentation. Before treating you, your dermatologist will talk to you about the expected outcome, the estimated number of treatments needed, and the time of disability or possible side effects. We are very focused on providing good results with the least possible risk.

 

cuses of acne

Causes of acne

Four main factors cause acne:

  • Excess oil production
  • Hair follicles clogged by oil and dead skin cells
  • Bacteria
  • Inflammation

Acne may appear on your face, forehead, chest, back and shoulders because these areas of skin have the most oil glands. Hair follicles are connected to oil glands.

The follicle wall may bulge and produce a whitehead. the plug may be open to the surface and darken, causing a blackhead. A blackhead may look like dirt stuck in pores. But the pore is congested with bacteria and oil, which turns brown when it’s exposed to the air.

Pimples are raised red spots with a white center that develop when blocked hair follicles become inflamed with bacteria. inflammation deep inside hair follicles produce cystlike lumps under the surface of your skin. Other pores in your skin, which are the openings of the sweat glands, are not involved in acne.

Certain things may worsen acne:

  • Hormonal changes. Androgens are hormones that increase during puberty, causing the sebaceous glands to enlarge and make more sebum. Hormonal changes during midlife, especially in women, can lead to acne.
  • Certain medications. Examples include drugs containing corticosteroids, testosterone or lithium.
  • Diet. Studies show that eating certain foods — including carbohydrate-rich foods, such as bread, pastries and chips — can make acne worse. Further studies are needed to determine whether people with acne benefit from following certain dietary restrictions.
  • Stress. Stress doesn’t cause acne, but if you have acne already, stress may make it worse.

Acne myths

These factors have little effect on acne:

  • Chocolate and greasy foods. It has little to no effect on acne.
  • Hygiene. Acne isn’t caused by dirty skin. In fact, over-washing or cleansing the skin too hard with harsh soaps or chemicals can irritate the skin and can make acne worse.
  • Cosmetics. Cosmetics don’t necessarily make acne worse, especially if you use oil-free makeup that doesn’t clog pores and does not clean make up regularly. Non-oily cosmetics don’t interfere with the effectiveness of acne drugs.

People with darker skin types are more likely than are people with lighter skin to experience these acne complications:

  • Scars. Pitted skin (acne scars) and thick scars (keloids) can remain long-term after acne has healed.
  • Skin changes. After acne has cleared, the affected skin may be darker (hyperpigmented) or lighter (hypopigmented) than before the condition occurred.

Risk factors for acne include:

  • Age.
  • Hormonal changes.
  • Family history.
  • Greasy or oily substances.
  • Friction or pressure on your skin.

 

isoteritionion

The rule of Isotreitionion in skin care

Isotretinoin is a pill you take for four to five months. Your acne will start to improve in one to two months, and the vast majority of people are clear at the end of treatment. It is the only acne medication that permanently reduces acne an average of 80 percent—some people a little more and some a little less. It also makes our skin less oily long-term. Twenty percent of patients take the medication a second time if they still have significant acne. Some blood tests are required.

  • It is a used to treat very bad acne.
  • It is classified as a retinoid
  • It is used for cystic acne that did not get better after treatment with other medicines.
  • It is available as a generic medication.
  • It is like vitamin A. while you are taking isotretinoin, you should not take vitamin A pills.
  • works by shrinking the oil glands in the skin and reduces the amount of oil that is produced.
  • You must not take isotretinoin if you are pregnant.

The rule of isotretinoin in acne treatment:

  • Reduces oil production
  • Shrinks the sebaceous glands
  • Reduces follicular occlusion
  • Prevents the growth of bacteria
  • Has anti-inflammatory properties

Side Effects of isotreitinoin?

  •     Dry, peeling, flaking
  •     Fragile skin, itching or rash
  •     Dry eyes, mouth, and nose
  •     Thinning hair
  •     Increased sensitivity to the sun
  •     Chapped lips
  •     Nosebleeds
  •     Photosensitivity
  •     Joint pain

 

 

antibiotic

The rule of anti biotics in skin care

Antibiotics help stop infections caused by bacteria. They kill the bacteria or by keep them from copying themselves or reproducing. Antibiotics help to slow or stop the growth of harmful bacteria on the skin surface and in the follicles. They may help treat moderate to severe acne, regardless of the underlying cause. They can provide real relief from deep, painful breakouts. There are many types of antibiotics. Each antibiotic works a little differently and acts on different types of bacteria. They help to clear the zits by killing all the bacteria that could cause infections. Antibiotics are usually prescribed in cases of red, painful lesions and pus-filled lesions. They soothe the skin in cases of painful acne.

Topical antibiotics for acne

  • Clindamycinl
  • erythromycin

They come in many forms, like gels, lotions, and pads. Because they are localized, topical antibiotics dont affect gut flora. They do not cause systemic side effects either.

Oral antibiotics for acne

  • Tetracyclines
  • Erythromycin
  • Trimethroprim
  • Cotrimoxazole
  • Oral antibiotics yeast infections
  • gastrointestinal symptoms
  • permanent tooth discoloration
  • skin that is more sensitive to UV light
  • interactions with other drugs and medications

Side effects

Topical antibiotics do occasionally come with some side effects. They can sometimes cause mild dryness, contact dermatitis due to an allergy and skin flakiness .Oral antibiotics may cause headaches or any signs of an allergic reaction, so you should stop using the antibiotics and see a doctor. You should also be aware that some antibiotics can cause increased sensitivity to the sun, not just on your face but across your entire body.

azaleic acid

The rule of azaleic acid in skin care

Azelaic acid is a chemical compound found naturally in whole grains. It has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. It approved skin care ingredient used for the topical treatment of acne. It exfoliates dead skin cells. It prevents future whiteheads and blackheads from forming. It lightens acne scars as well as melasma. It’s gentle on the skin and safe for all skin types. It is Safer than Accutane. It clearing your pores of bacteria that may be causing breakouts. It reducing inflammation so acne becomes less visible, less red, and less irritated.     It causes cell turnover so your skin heals more quickly and scarring is minimized.  It should be 20% in skin care products.

Forms of Azelaic Acid

You can get azelaic acid as a: Gel,Foam,Cream,Pill

Follow these steps when using azelaic acid:

Wash your skin with a gentle or mild cleanser, and pat dry.
Apply a thin layer of your foam, cream, or gel to the affected areas. Gently massage it in.
Wash your hands with soap and water. Once the medication is dry, put on sunscreen.
Apply makeup, if you wish.

You should follow your doctor’s instructions closely. Don’t use it more often or in a larger amount than directed. Only use it on your skin. If it gets in your eyes, nose, mouth, or vagina, rinse it off with water and call your doctor right away (especially if your eyes become red and sore).

It is good for:

Acne & Blemishes

Acne Scars

Mild Melasma

Redness

Rosacea

side effects

  • burning on your skin
  • skin dryness or redness
  • peeling skin at the site of application
benzoyl peroxide

The rule of benzoyl peroxide

What is benzoyl peroxide and how does it work?

Acne is the common cause of spots. Most people with acne are aged between 12 and 25, but some older and younger people are affected too. Small sebaceous glands lie just under your skin surface and make an oil (sebum) that keeps your skin supple and smooth. Tiny pores on your skin allow the sebum to come on to the surface of your skin. In acne, some of these pores become blocked, causing small pimples, blackheads and whiteheads. Benzoyl peroxide has some actions -It is used to treat acne (blackheads, whiteheads, pimples). It kills the bacteria that cause acne. It softens and removes outer layers of the skin. It reduces redness, soreness and inflammation and it helps to unplug blocked pores.

Benzoyl peroxide is available in combination preparations used for acne. It can be combined with an antibiotic called clindamycin, or with another medicine used for acne, called adapalene. Both of these preparations need to be prescribed by a doctor, and should be used as directed by the doctor.

What are the side effects of benzoyl peroxide?

  • Dry skin and peeling skin
  • Burning or stinging sensation after application
  • Eczema
  • Flushing Skin
  • Pain
  • Itching

 

 

poresize

Pore size

pores are the small openings at the top of our hair follicles. They are covering the whole body.  Our pores release sebum (oil) to moisturize our skin to help keep it supple.  pores are necessary for the health of the skin but large pores can be frustrating. Enlarged pores can be seen at all ages. Pores often appear larger with age.

What cause enlarged pores?

When your sebaceous glands produce excessive sebum that mixes with the dead skin cells in your pores, your pores can become blocked. The sebum cannot discharge freely from the pores, resulting in your pores becoming wider and more clearly visible. There are other factors which can affect the visibility of our pores.

  • GENETICS
  • AGE (Loss of skin elasticity with age)
  • INCREASED THE AMOUNT OF SEBUM
  • USE OF COMEDOGENIC PRODUCTS
  • SUN DAMAGE
  • CLOGGED PORES

How to reduce large pores?

  1. Choosing products that are water-based
  2. Washing your face at night and in the morning with a gel-based cleanser
  3. Exfoliating
  4. Moisturizing daily
  5. Applying a clay mask
  6. Wearing sunscreen

Treatment for pore size

In terms of actually getting rid of pores, it’s not possible. Pores have stretched, they cannot go back to their original size. We can make them appear smaller. Large pores can continue enlarging if you allow them to stretch out and become clogged with whiteheads, blackheads, sebum, and dirt. There are other factors which can affect the pores.

  • Avoid creams that cause pimples (white and blackheads)
  • Chemical peels
  • Topical nicotinamide
  • L-carnitine
  • Plant-derived copper chlorophyllin complexes
  • Topical retinoids.
  • Laser treatment
  • skin needling
acne scars

Acne scars

What is acne scars?

Acne scars are stubborn, and no single treatment is best for everyone. Scars occur as a result of injury to the skin, and in the case of acne, the injury is related to excess oil production, inflammation, and bacteria. When your body is trying to repair the acne, scars emerge. In the process of repair, collagen is created. When the amount of collagen has increased, scars appear.

types of acne scars :

  • Atrophic scars.
  • When the skin is unable to repair tissue properly, an atrophic scar is formed.
  • created by collagen degradation due to inflammatory conditions
  • surgeries ,Accidents, and genetic illnesses can result in scars.
  • Hypertrophic and keloid scars.
  • result of an excess of collagen generated during healing.
  • They are usually connected with body acne.
  • Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
  • the inflammation of acne may leave a mark.
  • The mark is because of the excess pigment from the skin’s production of extra melanin during recovery.

 

Treatments for acne scars:

Acne scars are stubborn, and no single treatment is best for everyone. One or a combination of the following approaches might improve the appearance of your skin, depending on your scar type, your skin type and the severity of the scarring.

Salicylic acid

It is peeling agents for the treatment of acne scars. It is a beta hydroxyl acid agent which removes intercellular lipids that are covalently linked to the cornified envelope surrounding keratinized cells.

Retinoids

It is speeding up your cell regeneration and improving your skin’s texture, retinoids can also help reduce discoloration and make scars less noticeable

Alpha hydroxy acids

They help to remove dead skin and prevent clogged pores. AHAs can also help make acne scars appear less noticeable. The mild acid exfoliates the outer layer of the skin to help remove discoloration and rough skin.

Lactic acid

It improves the texture, appearance, and pigmentation of the skin and lightened acne scars.

Natural remedies

 

Medical treatments for acne scars:

  • Medical treatments
  • Chemical peels
  • Injections
  • Dermal filler
  • Microneedling
  • Laser treatment

 

 

 

nodules and cystic acne

Nodules and Cystic Acne

What are Nodules:

It is a kind of inflammatory acne that is large and painful. Nodular acne causes When the clogged pore progresses into a bump and it is completely under the skin. They form around a hair follicle and can involve more than one follicle. They are solid so they feel hard. Inside the clogged pore there is sebum mix with dead skin cells. clogged pores can lead to a more severe breakout. They affect deeper layers of the skin. They can appear on face, back, and other areas of the body. They may last for weeks or months.

Treatment for Nodules:

Nodular acne is a severe form of acne. While it can be difficult to treat and manage, there are several treatment options available. However, nodular acne can be persistent. You’ll likely need your doctor’s help to get it under control. A board-certified dermatologist can prescribe you an effective treatment and provide you with acne management tips.

  • Antibiotics

They help destroy bacteria and reduce inflammation.

  • Isotretinoin

This drug tackles bacteria, inflammation, excess oil, and clogged pores.

  • Birth control pills
  • Topical treatments (Antibiotic cream, Retinoids, salicylic acid)

These products can help fight bacteria. Salicylic acid may also help to prevent plugged hair follicles.

Cystic acne

It is a type of inflammatory acne. It causes pain, pus-filled pimples to form deep under the skin.  Unlike other pimples, cystic acne occurs deeper in the skin. Acne occurs when oil and dead skin cells clog skin pores. With cystic acne, bacteria also gets into the pores, causing swelling or inflammation. Cystic acne is the most severe type of acne. Acne cysts are often painful and more likely to cause scarring.

Treatment for Cystic acne

  • Oral antibiotics to help control bacteria and lower inflammation
  • Birth control pills to regulate a woman’s hormones
  • Benzoyl peroxide to kill bacteria on your skin and fight inflammation
  • Retinoid, a form of vitamin A, in a cream, lotion, foam, or gel. It can unplug your pores and help antibiotics do their job.
  • Isotretinoin attacks all causes of acne. Women should not get pregnant while taking this drug.
  • Spironolactone to reduce excess oil. Doctors don’t prescribe it to men because of side effects such as breast growth.
  • Steroids injected into cysts at your doctor’s office

 

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